Apatinib Triggers Autophagic and Apoptotic Cell Death via VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 Signaling in Lung Cancer

The Jurkat T cells and non-small cell lung cancer cells co-culture model was used to assess the effect of apatinib on T cells activation. Subcutaneous tumor formation models were established to evaluate the effects of apatinib in vivo.