NLRP3

[Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine] As a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction (XXMD) could reduce the incidence of lung infection of patients with cerebral infarction. In vitro, human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells were treated with XXMD and were followed by lipopolysaccharide treatment.

[Inflammation] The authors investigated the effect of crosstalk between retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and choroidal endothelial cells via the ANXA1/FPR2/NLRP3 inflammasome/pyroptosis axis on the development of choroidal neovascularization in vitro and in vivo.

[Circulation Research] In human endothelial cells, a striking correlation was observed between the degree of endothelial cell activation as reflected by intracellular adhesion molecule 1, isoLG-adduct accumulation and intracellular GAS6 levels.

[Journal of Experimental Medicine] Scientists showed that a well-established drug target, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, affected several levels of NLRP3 regulation. BTK directly interacted with NLRP3 in immune cells and phosphorylates four conserved tyrosine residues upon inflammasome activation, in vitro and in vivo.

[Nature Communications] Scientists found the chlamydial parasitophorous vacuole protein CT135 triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR2/MyD88 signaling as a pathogenic strategy to evade neutrophil host defense.

[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America] Scientists reported that levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ were reduced and markers of inflammation increased in the brains of APP/PS1 mutant transgenic mice with beta-amyloid pathology.