Pancreatic Cancer Cells Render Tumor-Associated Macrophages Metabolically Reprogrammed by a GARP and DNA Methylation-Mediated Mechanism

Scientists conducted a study by employing a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA)-macrophage co-culture system, an “orthotopic” PDA syngeneic mouse model, and human PDA specimens, together with macrophages derived from GARP knockout mice and multiple analytic tools including whole-genome RNA sequencing,