Bone Regeneration in Rat Calvarial Defects Using Dissociated or Spheroid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Scaffold-Hydrogel Constructs

Investigators compared the potential of human bone marrow MSCs cultured as 2D monolayers or 3D spheroids encapsulated in constructs of 3D-printed poly-L-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate scaffolds and modified human platelet lysate hydrogels for bone regeneration.