Cranberry Proanthocyanidin and Its Microbial Metabolite 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid, but Not 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-Propionic Acid, Partially Reverse Pro-inflammatory microRNA Responses in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells

The authors investigated the effects of a cranberry proanthocyanidin-rich extract and two of its gut microbial metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid, on intestinal epithelial cells microRNA expression and their downstream pathways at homeostasis and in inflammatory conditions.