Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Aqueous Extract from Ficus dubia Sap and Its Cell-Based Assessments for Use as a Skin Antioxidant

Scientists investigated the chemical components of the F. dubia sap extracted by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and its potential use in cosmetics in terms of cellular antioxidation on keratinocytes, phototoxicity, and irritation on 3D skin cell models following standard tests suggested by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.