LHPP Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion In Vitro and In Vivo by Inhibiting Smad3 Phosphorylation in the TGF-β Pathway

The Transwell assay and xenograft nude model showed that LHPP inhibited migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The expression of total and nuclear epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related proteins were significantly reduced after LHPP upregulation.