Exosomes Derived from 3D-Cultured MSCs Improve Therapeutic Effects in Periodontitis and Experimental Colitis and Restore the Th17 Cell/Treg Balance in Inflamed Periodontium

Investigators showed that compared with MSC-exosomes (exos) generated via 2D culture, 3D-exos showed enhanced anti-inflammatory effects in a ligature-induced model of periodontitis by restoring the reactive T helper 17 cell/Treg balance in inflamed periodontal tissues.