macrophages

[Journal of Clinical Investigation] To identify mechanisms of resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, scientists compared transcriptional profiles from highly-exposed contacts who resist tuberculin skin test/interferon-γ release assay conversion and controls with latent Mtb infection using RNAseq.

[Immunity] Researchers showed that metformin inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and interleukin (IL)-1β production in cultured and alveolar macrophages along with inflammasome-independent IL-6 secretion, thus attenuating lipopolysaccharide- and SARS-CoV-2-induced Acute respiratory distress syndrome.

[Ebiomedicine] Investigators studied effects of recombinant D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT) on cell proliferation and survival by clonogenic assay and annexin V-PI staining respectively. DDT-induced signaling was investigated by Western blot.

[Laboratory Investigation] Investigators demonstrated that PTGIS was downregulated in alchoholic liver disease and forced PTGIS expression in vivo using recombinant adeno-associated viral vector-packed prostacyclin synthase overexpression plasmid, which alleviated the inflammatory response and suppressed the macrophage M1 phenotype in mice.

[Nature Communications] Scientists observed monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) induction in mouse and human tumor-associated macrophages (tAMs). MAO-A-deficient mice exhibit decreased TAM immunosuppressive functions corresponding with enhanced antitumor immunity.

[Clinical Cancer Research] A large cohort of chemotherapy-naïve triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), clinicopathologic features, deconvoluted RNA immune signatures, and intraepithelial and stromal TIME were identified in subsets of PD-L1+ and PD-L1- TNBC.