Macrophage-Derived EDA-A2 Inhibits Intestinal Stem Cells by Targeting miR-494/EDA2R/β-Catenin Signaling in Mice

In colitis crypts, a notable cytokine–cytokine receptor, miR-494-3p-targeted EDA2R and the ligand EDA-A2, suppressed colonic stemness and epithelial repair by inhibiting β-catenin/c-Myc. In differentiated intestinal epithelial cells, miR-494-3p inhibited macrophage recruitment, M1 activation and EDA-A2 secretion by targeting IKKβ/NF-κB in colitis.