Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) Cardiomyocyte-Secreted Exosomes Promote the Pathogenesis of DMD-Associated Cardiomyopathy

Investigators determine the phenotypic responses of DMD cardiomyocytes (DMD-iCMs) after long-term exposure to DMD cardiac exosomes. DMD-iCMs were vulnerable to stress, evidenced by production of reactive oxygen species, the mitochondrial membrane potential and cell death levels.