ALDH1A1 Activity in Tumor-Initiating Cells Remodels Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells to Promote Breast Cancer Progression

Mechanistically, ALDH1A1 decreased the intracellular pH in breast cancer cells to promote phosphorylation of TAK1, activated NFκB signaling, and increased the secretion of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, which led to myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion and immunosuppression.